The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter (Latin: Basilica Sancti Petri), officially known in Italian as the Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano and commonly known as St. Peter's Basilica, is located within the Vatican City. St. Peter's Basilica has the largest interior of any Christian church in the world, holding 60,000 people. It is the symbolic "Mother church" of the Catholic Church and is regarded as one of the holiest Christian sites. It has been described as "holding a unique position in the Christian world" and as "the greatest of all churches of Christendom". In Catholic tradition, it is the burial site of its namesake Saint Peter, who was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus and, according to tradition, first Bishop of Rome and therefore first in the line of the papal succession.
| Papal Basilica of Saint Peter Basilica Sancti Petri (Latin) Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano (Italian) | |
|---|---|
 The interior of St. Peter's Basilica by Giovanni Paolo Pannini | |
| Basic information | |
| Location |  Vatican City |
| Geographic coordinates | 41°54′8″N 12°27′12″E / 41.90222°N 12.45333°ECoordinates: 41°54′8″N 12°27′12″E / 41.90222°N 12.45333°E |
| Affiliation | Roman Catholic |
| Year consecrated | 1626 |
| Ecclesiastical status | Major basilica |
| Website | Official website (Italian) |
| Architectural description | |
| Architect(s) | Donato Bramante Antonio da Sangallo the Younger |
| Architectural style | Renaissance and Baroque |
| Groundbreaking | 1506 |
| Year completed | 1626 |
| Specifications | |
| Capacity | 60,000 + |
| Length | 730 feet (220 m) |
| Width | 500 feet (150 m) |
| Height (max) | 452 feet (138 m) |
| Dome dia. (outer) | 137.7 feet (42.0 m) |
Tradition and some historical evidence hold that Saint Peter's tomb is directly below the altar of the basilica. For this reason, many Popes have been interred at St Peter's since the Early Christian period. There has been a church on this site since the 4th century. Construction of the present basilica, over the old Constantinian basilica, began on April 18, 1506 and was completed on November 18, 1626.
St. Peter's is famous as a place of pilgrimage, for its liturgical functions and for its historical associations. It is associated with the papacy, with the Counter-reformation and with numerous artists, most significantly Michelangelo. As a work of architecture, it is regarded as the greatest building of its age. Contrary to popular misconception, Saint Peter's is not a cathedral, as it is not the seat of a bishop. It is properly termed a papal basilica.
